![]() It is not unusual to notice that younger children are frequently eating nonnutritive substances.Ĭopyright © 2023, StatPearls Publishing LLC. It is important to understand that in order to diagnose pica, the individual must be at least 2 years of age. Pica usually occurs as an isolated disorder but there are instances when it may co-exist with schizophrenia, OCD, and trichotillomania. You can usually correct iron deficiency anemia with iron. As a result, iron deficiency anemia may leave you tired and short of breath. Without enough iron, your body cant produce enough of a substance in red blood cells that enables them to carry oxygen (hemoglobin). In some parts of the world, the consumption of non-nutritive substances is culturally accepted. As the name implies, iron deficiency anemia is due to insufficient iron. In women, it is most often seen during pregnancy. Ask about pica behavior or unusual cravings in certain high-risk groups: pregnant women, immigrants or refugees, and children and adults with autism. The nature of ingested items is variable, including but not limited to earth (geophagy), raw starches (amylophagy), ice (pagophagia), charcoal, ash, paper, chalk, cloth, baby powder, coffee grounds, and eggshells.Īlthough pica is seen in children, it is also a common eating disorder in patients who are intellectually impaired. For diagnosis, the behavior must persist for at least one month, not be in keeping with the child's developmental stage (and age cut off of 24 months or more is suggested by DSM V), and not be socially normative or culturally acceptable behavior. The term is derived from "pica-pica," the Latin word for the magpie bird, because of the bird's indiscriminate gathering and eating a variety of objects for the sake of curiosity. ![]() Pagophagia can occur alongside nutrient deficiencies, such as iron deficiency anemia, although it is still. ![]() Pica is more likely to develop during pregnancy. Pagophagia is a form of pica that involves craving and compulsively consuming ice. The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) defines pica as eating nonnutritive, nonfood substances over a period of at least one month. Sometimes people with pica eat items that aren’t necessarily harmful, but other pica cravings can be problematic or even quite dangerous.
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